Search results for "Succinic acid"
showing 10 items of 57 documents
Succinate receptor mediates intestinal inflammation and fibrosis.
2018
Succinate, an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is accumulated in inflamed areas and its signaling through succinate receptor (SUCNR1) regulates immune function. We analyze SUCNR1 expression in the intestine of Crohn's disease patients and its role in murine intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. We show that both serum and intestinal succinate levels and SUCNR1 expression in intestinal surgical resections were higher in CD patients than in controls. SUCNR1 co-localized with CD86, CD206, and alpha-SMA(+) cells in human intestine and we found a positive and significant correlation between SUCNR1 and alpha-SMA expression. In human isolated fibroblasts from CD patients SUCNR1 expres…
Elevated circulating levels of succinate in human obesity are linked to specific gut microbiota
2018
Gut microbiota-related metabolites are potential clinical biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Circulating succinate, a metabolite produced by both microbiota and the host, is increased in hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to analyze systemic levels of succinate in obesity, a major risk factor for CVD, and its relationship with gut microbiome. We explored the association of circulating succinate with specific metagenomic signatures in cross-sectional and prospective cohorts of Caucasian Spanish subjects. Obesity was associated with elevated levels of circulating succinate concomitant with impaired glucose metabolism. This increase was associated wit…
C 4 -Dicarboxylate Utilization in Aerobic and Anaerobic Growth
2016
C 4 -dicarboxylates and the C 4 -dicarboxylic amino acid l -aspartate support aerobic and anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli and related bacteria. In aerobic growth, succinate, fumarate, D - and L -malate, L -aspartate, and L -tartrate are metabolized by the citric acid cycle and associated reactions. Because of the interruption of the citric acid cycle under anaerobic conditions, anaerobic metabolism of C 4 -dicarboxylates depends on fumarate reduction to succinate (fumarate respiration). In some related bacteria (e.g., Klebsiella ), utilization of C 4 -dicarboxylates, such as tartrate, is independent of fumarate respiration and uses a Na + -dependent membrane-bound oxaloacetate decarbo…
Succinate Activates EMT in Intestinal Epithelial Cells through SUCNR1: A Novel Protagonist in Fistula Development
2020
The pathogenesis of Crohn&rsquo
Physico-chemical study of the radiopharmaceuticals 99mTc-DMSA, 99mTc-EDTA and 99mTc-DTPA interaction with plasmatic proteins.
1989
This report studies the binding rate of the radiopharmaceuticals 99mTc-DTPA, 99mTc-EDTA and 99mTc-DMSA to plasmatic proteins. The proteins bind to the tested radiopharmaceuticals in the following sequence: 99mTc-DTPA less than 99mTc-DMSA(C1) less than 99mTc-EDTA less than 99mTc-DMSA(C2) where C1 and C2 represent two different Tc-DMSA complexes. The thermodynamic study suggests a quantitative relationship of radiopharmaceutical:protein = 1:1 and an almost nonexistent influence of the temperature, which means that the interacting forces in this process are relatively weak.
GHB related acids (dihydroxy butyric acids, glycolic acid) can help in the interpretation of post mortem GHB results.
2020
Post mortem gamma hydroxy butyric acid (GHB) concentrations should be interpreted with caution since GHB concentrations can increase after death. Post mortem concentrations after the intake of GHB ante mortem do overlap with concentration ranges in cases without known exposure to GHB and make an interpretation challenging. GHB is known to undergo intensive metabolism to related acids (glycolic acid (GA), succinic acid (SA), 2,4- and 3,4-dihydroxy butyric acid (2,4-OH-BA and 3,4-OH-BA)). GHB and these related acids were analyzed using a validated gas chromatographic mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method after liquid liquid extraction and trimethylsilylation. SA concentrations were not usable pos…
C4-dicarboxylate carriers and sensors in bacteria
2002
AbstractBacteria contain secondary carriers for the uptake, exchange or efflux of C4-dicarboxylates. In aerobic bacteria, dicarboxylate transport (Dct)A carriers catalyze uptake of C4-dicarboxylates in a H+- or Na+-C4-dicarboxylate symport. Carriers of the dicarboxylate uptake (Dcu)AB family are used for electroneutral fumarate:succinate antiport which is required in anaerobic fumarate respiration. The DcuC carriers apparently function in succinate efflux during fermentation. The tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporter carriers are secondary uptake carriers requiring a periplasmic solute binding protein. For heterologous exchange of C4-dicarboxylates with other carboxylic …
DctA- and Dcu-independent transport of succinate in Escherichia coli : contribution of diffusion and of alternative carriers
2001
Quintuple mutants of Escherichia coli deficient in the C4-dicarboxylate carriers of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism (DctA, DcuA, DcuB, DcuC, and the DcuC homolog DcuD, or the citrate/succinate antiporter CitT) showed only poor growth on succinate (or other C4-dicarboxylates) under oxic conditions. At acidic pH (pH 6) the mutants regained aerobic growth on succinate, but not on fumarate. Succinate uptake by the mutants could not be saturated at physiological succinate concentrations (≤5 mM), in contrast to the wild-type, which had a K m for succinate of 50 µM and a V max of 35 U/g dry weight at pH 6. At high substrate concentrations, the mutants showed transport activities (32 U/g dry weigh…
Characterization of gramicidin A in an inverted micellar environment. A combined high-performance liquid chromatographic and spectroscopic study
1992
We have investigated the conformational adaptability of gramicidin A incorporated into reverse micelles of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane/water, a so far unexplored "host" membrane-mimetic model system for this peptide. A high-performance liquid chromatographic strategy previously developed for the study of gramicidin in phospholipid vesicles and normal micelles [Bañó et al. (1989) FEBS Lett. 250, 67; Bañó et al. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 886] has been successfully extended to this system. The method has permitted the separation of peptide conformational species, namely, double-stranded dimers and monomers, and an accurate quantitation of their proportion in the invert…
Speciation of Cadmium - D-penicilamine, mercaptosuccinic acid and glutathione systems in NaNO3 ionic medium
2011
Cadmium shows a high affinity towards most of the binding groups present in biologically active molecules. In particular, the thiol ligands present in the amino acid residues, are the main vectors through which transport and distribution of cadmium in the human body occur. In spite of the large number of investigations reported in the literature about the toxic effects of cadmium and its environmental impact, relatively few quantitative data are reported on the stability of species formed by the interaction between Cd2+ and S-donor ligands in aqueous solution. Therefore, it is difficult to define the speciation picture of this element in natural waters and biological fluids where thiol liga…